pyenv 在Mac环境下的安装

pyenv网站

https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv

准备工作

  1. 安装xcode sudo xcode-select --install

  2. 安装homebrew https://brew.sh/

  3. 安装git https://git-scm.com/

  4. 安装python build environment brew install openssl readline sqlite3 xz zlib

安装方法

  1. 可以用homebrew

brew update
brew install pyenv

  1. 如果homebrew有问题，可以试试手动安装，具体方法如下

curl https://pyenv.run | bash

然后在bash或者zsh（看你用哪个）设置下路径和启动命令

export PATH="$HOME/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"

echo 'export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"' >>~/.zprofile
echo 'export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"' >>~/.zprofile
echo 'eval "$(pyenv init --path)"' >>~/.zprofile

echo 'eval "$(pyenv init -)"' >>~/.zshrc

重启命令行，然后输入pyenv，能看到下面的输出，说明你的安装没有问题了

➜  ~ pyenv
pyenv 2.2.0
Usage: pyenv <command> [<args>]

Some useful pyenv commands are:
--version   Display the version of pyenv
activate    Activate virtual environment
commands    List all available pyenv commands
deactivate   Deactivate virtual environment
doctor      Verify pyenv installation and development tools to build pythons.
exec        Run an executable with the selected Python version
global      Set or show the global Python version(s)
help        Display help for a command
hooks       List hook scripts for a given pyenv command
init        Configure the shell environment for pyenv
install     Install a Python version using python-build
local       Set or show the local application-specific Python version(s)
prefix      Display prefix for a Python version
rehash      Rehash pyenv shims (run this after installing executables)
root        Display the root directory where versions and shims are kept
shell       Set or show the shell-specific Python version
shims       List existing pyenv shims
uninstall   Uninstall a specific Python version
version     Show the current Python version(s) and its origin
version-file   Detect the file that sets the current pyenv version
version-name   Show the current Python version
version-origin   Explain how the current Python version is set
versions    List all Python versions available to pyenv
virtualenv   Create a Python virtualenv using the pyenv-virtualenv plugin
virtualenv-delete   Uninstall a specific Python virtualenv
virtualenv-init   Configure the shell environment for pyenv-virtualenv
virtualenv-prefix   Display real_prefix for a Python virtualenv version
virtualenvs   List all Python virtualenvs found in `$PYENV_ROOT/versions/*'.
whence      List all Python versions that contain the given executable
which       Display the full path to an executable

See `pyenv help <command>' for information on a specific command.
For full documentation, see: https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv#readme
➜  ~

问题

安装python失败

➜  ~ pyenv install 3.9.7
python-build: use openssl@1.1 from homebrew
python-build: use readline from homebrew
Downloading Python-3.9.7.tar.xz...
-> https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.7/Python-3.9.7.tar.xz
Installing Python-3.9.7...
python-build: use tcl-tk from homebrew
python-build: use readline from homebrew
python-build: use zlib from xcode sdk

BUILD FAILED (OS X 12.0.1 using python-build 20180424)

Inspect or clean up the working tree at /var/folders/d1/5cgd23cn2c5fd_hr4vk6pgfh0000gn/T/python-build.20211029121146.25284
Results logged to /var/folders/d1/5cgd23cn2c5fd_hr4vk6pgfh0000gn/T/python-build.20211029121146.25284.log

Last 10 log lines:
checking for python3... python3
checking for --enable-universalsdk... no
checking for --with-universal-archs... no
checking MACHDEP... "darwin"
checking for gcc... clang
checking whether the C compiler works... no
configure: error: in `/var/folders/d1/5cgd23cn2c5fd_hr4vk6pgfh0000gn/T/python-build.20211029121146.25284/Python-3.9.7':
configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details
make: *** No targets specified and no makefile found.  Stop.
➜  ~ softwareupdate --all --install --force
Software Update Tool

Finding available software
No updates are available.
➜  ~ sudo rm -rf /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools
Password:
➜  ~ sudo xcode-select --install

设置global的python版本失败。可以试试

pyenv rehash