virtualenv 虚拟环境

https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html

首先先确保pip已经安装

➜  manage-python-project git:(master) ✗ pyenv versions
system
3.10.0
3.8.7
* 3.9.7 (set by /home/penxiao/.pyenv/version)
➜  manage-python-project git:(master) ✗ pip list
Package    Version
---------- -------
pip        21.2.3
setuptools 57.4.0
WARNING: You are using pip version 21.2.3; however, version 21.3.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the '/home/penxiao/.pyenv/versions/3.9.7/bin/python3.9 -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

虚拟环境的创建

➜  manage-python-project git:(master) ✗ python -m venv venv

这个会在当前目录创建一个叫venv的目录，来存在python虚拟环境所需要的文件。

虚拟环境的激活

➜  manage-python-project git:(master) ✗ source venv/bin/activate
(venv) ➜  manage-python-project git:(master) ✗ pip list
Package    Version
---------- -------
pip        21.2.3
setuptools 57.4.0
WARNING: You are using pip version 21.2.3; however, version 21.3.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the '/home/penxiao/tmp/manage-python-project/venv/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
(venv) ➜  manage-python-project git:(master) ✗

可以把pip升级一下 python -m pip install --upgrade pip

windows环境

➜ ~  python --version
Python 3.8.7
➜ ~  cd .\python-demo\
➜ python-demo git:(master) pwd

Path
----
C:\Users\Peng Xiao\python-demo

➜ python-demo git:(master) python -m venv venv
➜ python-demo git:(master) .\venv\Scripts\activate
(venv) ➜ python-demo git:(master)
(venv) ➜ python-demo git:(master)
(venv) ➜ python-demo git:(master) pip list
Package    Version
---------- -------
pip        20.2.3
setuptools 49.2.1
WARNING: You are using pip version 20.2.3; however, version 21.3.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'c:\users\peng xiao\python-demo\venv\scripts\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
(venv) ➜ python-demo git:(master)

虚拟环境的退出

无论是windows，Mac，Linux，都可以使用 deactivate 命令退出虚拟环境。